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Compare Sierra Leone (2002) - Guinea (2001)

Compare Sierra Leone (2002) z Guinea (2001)

 Sierra Leone (2002)Guinea (2001)
 Sierra LeoneGuinea
Administrative divisions 3 provinces and 1 area*; Eastern, Northern, Southern, Western* 33 prefectures and 1 special zone (zone special)*; Beyla, Boffa, Boke, Conakry*, Coyah, Dabola, Dalaba, Dinguiraye, Dubreka, Faranah, Forecariah, Fria, Gaoual, Gueckedou, Kankan, Kerouane, Kindia, Kissidougou, Koubia, Koundara, Kouroussa, Labe, Lelouma, Lola, Macenta, Mali, Mamou, Mandiana, Nzerekore, Pita, Siguiri, Telimele, Tougue, Yomou
Age structure 0-14 years: 44.7% (male 1,230,530; female 1,280,084)


15-64 years: 52.1% (male 1,397,070; female 1,528,986)


65 years and over: 3.2% (male 87,256; female 90,817) (2002 est.)
0-14 years:
43.12% (male 1,637,000; female 1,645,786)

15-64 years:
54.19% (male 2,015,199; female 2,110,745)

65 years and over:
2.69% (male 84,586; female 120,554) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, coffee, cocoa, palm kernels, palm oil, peanuts; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish rice, coffee, pineapples, palm kernels, cassava (tapioca), bananas, sweet potatoes; cattle, sheep, goats; timber
Airports 10 (2001) 15 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2002)
total:
5

over 3,047 m:
1

2,438 to 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
3 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 9


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
total:
10

1,524 to 2,437 m:
6

914 to 1,523 m:
3

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)
Area total: 71,740 sq km


land: 71,620 sq km


water: 120 sq km
total:
245,857 sq km

land:
245,857 sq km

water:
0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than South Carolina slightly smaller than Oregon
Background Since 1991, civil war between the government and the Revolutionary United Front (RUF) has resulted in tens of thousands of deaths and the displacement of more than 2 million people (well over one-third of the population) many of whom are now refugees in neighboring countries. After several setbacks, the end to the eleven-year conflict in Sierra Leone may finally be near at hand. With the support of the UN peacekeeping force and contributions from the World Bank and international community, demobilization and disarmament of the RUF and Civil Defense Forces (CDF) combatants has been completed. Reestablishment of government authority throughout the country is slowly proceeding and national elections took place in May 2002. Independent from France since 1958, Guinea did not hold democratic elections until 1993 when Gen. Lansana CONTE (head of the military government) was elected president of the civilian government. He was reelected in 1998. Unrest in Sierra Leone has spilled over into Guinea, threatening stability and creating a humanitarian emergency.
Birth rate 44.58 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) 39.78 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $96 million


expenditures: $351 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (2000 est.) (2000 est.)
revenues:
$NA

expenditures:
$417.7 million, including capital expenditures of $NA million (2000 est.)
Capital Freetown Conakry
Climate tropical; hot, humid; summer rainy season (May to December); winter dry season (December to April) generally hot and humid; monsoonal-type rainy season (June to November) with southwesterly winds; dry season (December to May) with northeasterly harmattan winds
Coastline 402 km 320 km
Constitution 1 October 1991; subsequently amended several times 23 December 1990 (Loi Fundamentale)
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Sierra Leone


conventional short form: Sierra Leone
conventional long form:
Republic of Guinea

conventional short form:
Guinea

local long form:
Republique de Guinee

local short form:
Guinee

former:
French Guinea
Currency leone (SLL) Guinean franc (GNF)
Death rate 18.83 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) 17.53 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $1.3 billion (2000) $3.6 billion (1999 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Peter Russell CHAVEAS


embassy: Corner of Walpole and Siaka Stevens Streets, Freetown


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [232] (22) 226481 through 226485


FAX: [232] (22) 225471
chief of mission:
Charge d'Affaires Timberlake FOSTER

embassy:
Rue Ka 038, Conakry

mailing address:
B. P. 603, Conakry

telephone:
[224] 41 15 20, 41 15 21, 41 15 23

FAX:
[224] 41 15 22
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Ibrahim M. KAMARA


chancery: 1701 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009


telephone: [1] (202) 939-9261 through 9263


FAX: [1] (202) 483-1793
chief of mission:
Ambassador Mohamed Aly THIAM

chancery:
2112 Leroy Place NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 483-9420

FAX:
[1] (202) 483-8688
Disputes - international ongoing conflict in Sierra Leone has engendered refugee movements into neighboring Guinea and Liberia border incursions by Revolutionary United Front combatants from Sierra Leone; civil war in that country has engendered a massive flow of refugees to southern Guinea and Liberia
Economic aid - recipient $103 million (2001 est.) $359.2 million (1998)
Economy - overview Sierra Leone is an extremely poor African nation with tremendous inequality in income distribution. It does have substantial mineral, agricultural, and fishery resources. However, the economic and social infrastructure is not well developed, and serious social disorders continue to hamper economic development, following a 10-year civil war. About two-thirds of the working-age population engages in subsistence agriculture. Manufacturing consists mainly of the processing of raw materials and of light manufacturing for the domestic market. There are plans to reopen bauxite and rutile mines shut down during the conflict. The major source of hard currency consists of the mining of diamonds. The fate of the economy depends upon the maintenance of domestic peace and the continued receipt of substantial aid from abroad. Guinea possesses major mineral, hydropower, and agricultural resources, yet remains a poor underdeveloped nation. The country possesses over 30% of the world's bauxite reserves and is the second largest bauxite producer. The mining sector accounted for about 75% of exports in 1999. Long-run improvements in government fiscal arrangements, literacy, and the legal framework are needed if the country is to move out of poverty. The government made encouraging progress in budget management in 1997-99, and reform progress was praised in the World Bank/IMF October 2000 assessment. However, escalating fighting along the Sierra Leonean and Liberian borders will cause major economic disruptions. In addition to direct defense costs, the violence has led to a sharp decline in investor confidence. Foreign mining companies have reduced expatriate staff, while panic buying has created food shortages and inflation in local markets. Real GDP growth is expected to fall to 2% in 2001.
Electricity - consumption 227.85 million kWh (2000) 697.5 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2000) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2000) 0 kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 245 million kWh (2000) 750 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
fossil fuel:
46.67%

hydro:
53.33%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Loma Mansa (Bintimani) 1,948 m
lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Mont Nimba 1,752 m
Environment - current issues rapid population growth pressuring the environment; overharvesting of timber, expansion of cattle grazing, and slash-and-burn agriculture have resulted in deforestation and soil exhaustion; civil war depleting natural resources; overfishing deforestation; inadequate supplies of potable water; desertification; soil contamination and erosion; overfishing, overpopulation in forest region
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands, Whaling

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups 20 native African tribes 90% (Temne 30%, Mende 30%, other 30%), Creole (Krio) 10% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century), refugees from Liberia's recent civil war, small numbers of Europeans, Lebanese, Pakistanis, and Indians Peuhl 40%, Malinke 30%, Soussou 20%, smaller ethnic groups 10%
Exchange rates leones per US dollar - 2,212.47 (January 2002), 1,985.89 (2001), 2,092.13 (2000), 1,804.20 (1999), 1,563.62 (1998), 981.48 (1997) Guinean francs per US dollar - 1,855.0 (October 2000), 1,572.0 (2000), 1,387.4 (1999), 1,236.8 (1998), 1,095.3 (1997), 1,004.0 (1996)
Executive branch chief of state: President Ahmad Tejan KABBAH (since 29 March 1996, reinstated 10 March 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Ahmad Tejan KABBAH (since 29 March 1996, reinstated 10 March 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


cabinet: Ministers of State appointed by the president with the approval of the House of Representatives; the cabinet is responsible to the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 14 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2007); note - president's tenure of office is limited to two five-year terms


election results: Ahmad Tejan KABBAH reelected president; percent of vote - Ahmad Tejan KABBAH (SLPP) 70.6%, Ernest KOROMA 22.4%
chief of state:
President Lansana CONTE (head of military government since 5 April 1984, elected president 19 December 1993)

head of government:
Prime Minister Lamine SIDIME (since 8 March 1999)

cabinet:
Council of Ministers appointed by the president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; candidate must receive a majority of the votes cast to be elected president; election last held 14 December 1998 (next to be held NA December 2003); the prime minister is appointed by the president

election results:
Lansana CONTE reelected president; percent of vote - Lansana CONTE (PUP) 56.1%, Mamadou Boye BA (UNR-PRP) 24.6%, Alpha CONDE (RPG) 16.6%,
Exports $65 million f.o.b. (2000 est.) $820 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Exports - commodities diamonds, rutile, cocoa, coffee, fish bauxite, alumina, gold, diamonds, coffee, fish, agricultural products
Exports - partners NZ 33.7%, Belgium 32.6%, US 7.4%, France 5.1% (2000) US, Benelux, Ukraine, Ireland (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of light green (top), white, and light blue three equal vertical bands of red (hoist side), yellow, and green; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia; similar to the flag of Rwanda, which has a large black letter R centered in the yellow band
GDP purchasing power parity - $2.7 billion (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $10 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 43%


industry: 27%


services: 30% (2000)
agriculture:
22.3%

industry:
35.3%

services:
42.4% (1998 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $500 (2001 est.) purchasing power parity - $1,300 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 3% (2001 est.) 5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 8 30 N, 11 30 W 11 00 N, 10 00 W
Geography - note rainfall along the coast can reach 495 cm (195 inches) a year, making it one of the wettest places along coastal, western Africa -
Heliports 2 (2002) -
Highways total: 11,700 km


paved: 936 km


unpaved: 10,764 km (2002)
total:
30,500 km

paved:
5,033 km

unpaved:
25,467 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 1%


highest 10%: 44% (1989) (1989)
lowest 10%:
2.6%

highest 10%:
32% (1994)
Imports $145 million f.o.b. (2000 est.) $634 million (f.o.b., 2000 est.)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels and lubricants, chemicals petroleum products, metals, machinery, transport equipment, textiles, grain and other foodstuffs
Imports - partners Czech Republic 26.7%, UK 26.6%, US 5.1%, Netherlands 4.6% (2000) France, Belgium, US, Cote d'Ivoire (1999)
Independence 27 April 1961 (from UK) 2 October 1958 (from France)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 3.2% (1994)
Industries mining (diamonds); small-scale manufacturing (beverages, textiles, cigarettes, footwear); petroleum refining bauxite, gold, diamonds; alumina refining; light manufacturing and agricultural processing industries
Infant mortality rate 144.38 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) 129.03 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 15% (2000 est.) 6% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, C, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW (signatory), UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO ACCT, ACP, AfDB, CCC, ECA, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, MINURSO, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 1 (2001) 1 (2000)
Irrigated land 290 sq km (1998 est.) 930 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Appeals Court; High Court Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel
Labor force 1.369 million


note: only about 65,000 wage earners (1985) (1981 est.)
3 million (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services NA% agriculture 80%, industry and services 20% (2000 est.)
Land boundaries total: 958 km


border countries: Guinea 652 km, Liberia 306 km
total:
3,399 km

border countries:
Cote d'Ivoire 610 km, Guinea-Bissau 386 km, Liberia 563 km, Mali 858 km, Senegal 330 km, Sierra Leone 652 km
Land use arable land: 6.76%


permanent crops: 0.78%


other: 92.46% (1998 est.)
arable land:
2%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
22%

forests and woodland:
59%

other:
17% (1993 est.)
Languages English (official, regular use limited to literate minority), Mende (principal vernacular in the south), Temne (principal vernacular in the north), Krio (English-based Creole, spoken by the descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area, a lingua franca and a first language for 10% of the population but understood by 95%) French (official), each ethnic group has its own language
Legal system based on English law and customary laws indigenous to local tribes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on French civil law system, customary law, and decree; legal codes currently being revised; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament (124 seats - 112 elected by popular vote, 12 filled by paramount chiefs elected in separate elections; members serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 14 May 2002 (next to be held NA May 2007)


election results: percent of vote by party - SLPP 70.06%, APC 22.35%, PLP 3%, others 4.59%; seats by party - SLPP 83, APC 27, PLP 2
unicameral People's National Assembly or Assemblee Nationale Populaire (114 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve five-year terms)

elections:
last held 11 June 1995 (next scheduled for 26 November 2000 postponed indefinitely due to border fighting with rebels from Sierra Leone and Liberia)

election results:
percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PUP 71, RPG 19, PRP 9, UNR 9, UPG 2, PDG-AST 1, UNP 1, PDG-RDA 1, other 1
Life expectancy at birth total population: 45.96 years


male: 43.01 years


female: 49.01 years (2002 est.)
total population:
45.91 years

male:
43.49 years

female:
48.42 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write English, Mende, Temne, or Arabic


total population: 31.4%


male: 45.4%


female: 18.2% (1995 est.)
definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
35.9%

male:
49.9%

female:
21.9% (1995 est.)
Location Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea and Liberia Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea-Bissau and Sierra Leone
Map references Africa Africa
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 NM


contiguous zone: 24 NM


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM
exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
Merchant marine - none (2000 est.)
Military branches Army (RSLAF) Army, Navy, Air Force, Republican Guard, Presidential Guard, paramilitary National Gendarmerie, National Police Force (Surete National)
Military expenditures - dollar figure $10.3 million (FY01) $56 million (FY96)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 1.5% (FY01) 1.4% (FY96)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49: 1,203,682 (2002 est.) males age 15-49:
1,764,912 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49: 583,946 (2002 est.) males age 15-49:
891,166 (2001 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 27 April (1961) Independence Day, 2 October (1958)
Nationality noun: Sierra Leonean(s)


adjective: Sierra Leonean
noun:
Guinean(s)

adjective:
Guinean
Natural hazards dry, sand-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to February); sandstorms, dust storms hot, dry, dusty harmattan haze may reduce visibility during dry season
Natural resources diamonds, titanium ore, bauxite, iron ore, gold, chromite bauxite, iron ore, diamonds, gold, uranium, hydropower, fish
Net migration rate 6.32 migrant(s)/1,000 population


note: by the end of 1999 refugees from Sierra Leone are assumed to be returning (2002 est.)
-2.63 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)

note:
as a result of civil war in neighboring countries, Guinea is host to almost half a million Liberian and Sierra Leonean refugees
Political parties and leaders All People's Congress or APC [Alhaji Sat KOROMA, interim chairman]; Citizens United for Peace and Progress or CUPP [Alfred Musa CONTEH, interim chairman]; Coalition for Progress Party or CPP [Jeridine WILLIAM-SARHO, interim leader]; Democratic Center Party or DCP [Adu Aiah KOROMA]; Democratic Labor Party or DLP [George E. L. PALMER]; Democratic Party or DP [Henry BALO, acting chairman]; National Alliance Democratic Party or NADP [Mohamed Yahya SILLAH, chairman]; National Democratic Alliance or NDA [Amadu M. B. JALLOH]; National People's Party or NPP [Andrew TURAY]; National Republican Party or NRP [Stephen Sahr MAMBU]; National Unity Movement or NUM [Sam LEIGH, interim chairman]; National Unity Party or NUP [John BENJAMINE, interim leader]; Peace and Liberation Party or PLP [Darlington MORRISON, interim chairman]; People's Democratic Alliance or PDA [Cpl. (Ret.) Abdul Rahman KAMARA, interim chairman]; People's Democratic Party or PDP [Osman KAMARA]; People's National Convention or PNC [Edward John KARGBO]; People's Progressive Party or PPP [Abass Chernok BUNDU, chairman]; Revolutionary United Front Party or RUFP [Foday Saybana SANKOH, chairman]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Andrew Victor LUNGAY]; Sierra Leone People's Party or SLPP [Ahmad Tejan KABBAH, chairman]; United National People's Party or UNPP [John KAREFA-SMART in exile, Raymond KAMARA, acting leader]; Young People's Party or YPP [Cornelius DEVEAUS, interim chairman] Democratic Party of Guinea or PDG-AST [Marcel CROS]; Democratic Party of Guinea-African Democratic Rally or PDG-RDA [El Hadj Ismael Mohamed Gassim GUSHEIN]; National Union for Progress or UNP [Paul Louis FABER]; Party for Unity and Progress or PUP [Lansana CONTE] - the governing party; Party for Renewal and Progress or PRP [Siradiou DIALLO]; Rally for the Guinean People or RPG [Alpha CONDE]; Union for Progress of Guinea or UPG [Jean-Marie DORE, secretary-general]; Union for the New Republic or UNR [Mamadou Boye BA]; Union of Republican Forces or UFR [Sidya TOURE]
Political pressure groups and leaders Trade Unions and Student Unions NA
Population 5,614,743 (July 2002 est.) 7,613,870 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 68% (1989 est.) 40% (1994 est.)
Population growth rate 3.21% (2002 est.) 1.96% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors Bonthe, Freetown, Pepel Boke, Conakry, Kamsar
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 9, shortwave 1 (1999) AM 4, FM 8, shortwave 3 (1998)
Radios 1.12 million (1997) 357,000 (1997)
Railways total: 84 km


narrow gauge: 84 km 1.067-m gauge


note: Sierra Leone has no common carrier railroads; the existing railroad is private and used on a limited basis while the mine at Marampa is closed (2001)
total:
1,086 km

standard gauge:
279 km 1.435-m gauge

narrow gauge:
807 km 1.000-m gauge (includes 662 km in common carrier service from Kankan to Conakry)
Religions Muslim 60%, indigenous beliefs 30%, Christian 10% Muslim 85%, Christian 8%, indigenous beliefs 7%
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 0.96 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.91 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.96 male(s)/female


total population: 0.94 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
at birth:
1.03 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
0.99 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.95 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.7 male(s)/female

total population:
0.96 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: marginal telephone and telegraph service


domestic: The national microwave radio relay trunk system connects Freetown to Bo and Kenema (April 2001)


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
general assessment:
poor to fair system of open-wire lines, small radiotelephone communication stations, and new microwave radio relay system

domestic:
microwave radio relay and radiotelephone communication

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)
Telephones - main lines in use 25,000 (2001) 20,000 (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular 30,000 (2001) 2,868 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 2 (1999) 6 (1997)
Terrain coastal belt of mangrove swamps, wooded hill country, upland plateau, mountains in east generally flat coastal plain, hilly to mountainous interior
Total fertility rate 5.94 children born/woman (2002 est.) 5.39 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% NA%
Waterways 800 km (of which 600 km navigable year round) 1,295 km (navigable by shallow-draft native craft)
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